Documented reports from recent years show that the execution of Baluch political prisoners in Iran has become a consistent and recurring pattern. This process begins at the stage of arrest and continues through to the implementation of the sentence. At all stages, there are signs of widespread human rights violations. Data published by the Baluchestan Human Rights Documentation Network presents a consistent picture of this process over the period from 2013 to 2026.
In these cases, executions have mainly been carried out based on security-related charges. Accusations such as “armed rebellion” (baghi), “enmity against God” (moharebeh), and “corruption on earth” (efsad-e fel-arz) have been raised in most instances. These charges are raised in a closed security environment. Many defendants have not had the opportunity to effectively defend themselves. Names such as Amer Ramesh, Abdolbaset Dehani, and Javid Dehghan Khaled appear among these cases. The handling of these cases has lacked necessary transparency.
Lack of fair trials in the execution of Baluch political prisoners
Review of these cases shows that fair trial standards have not been observed in many instances. In numerous cases, defendants were denied access to legal counsel. Abdolbaset Dahani and Rostam Zeinoddini are among these individuals. Some prisoners were held in a state of uncertainty for years. Hamid Mirbaluchzehi and Meysam Chandani are examples of this situation. In some cases, initial sentences were later changed to execution. These changes were carried out without transparency.
Reports also indicate the use of torture to extract confessions. This issue has been raised in cases such as those of Amer Ramesh and Abdolbaset Dahani. Forced confessions have been broadcast in official media outlets. Three prisoners executed in 2018 also faced such conditions. Mohammad Shahbakhsh, Esmail Shahbakhsh, and Hayatollah Nouti-Zehi are among them. This pattern has been repeatedly observed in the execution of Baluch political prisoners.
Mass executions of Baluch prisoners
Mass executions also form another part of this pattern. In 2013, 16 Baluch prisoners were executed collectively. Similar cases have been reported in subsequent years. The execution of three prisoners in 2023 and another three in 2025 in Mashhad—a major city in northeastern Iran—are among these instances. These executions were often carried out within the framework of joint cases.
Alongside these cases, the rights of families have also been violated. In many instances, families were not informed of the timing of executions. Notification was made only after the execution, often via phone calls. Some families were denied a final visit. In certain cases, the bodies of those executed were returned with delays. These issues have been widely reported in cases involving the execution of Baluch political prisoners.
Reports also point to security pressure aimed at forcing cooperation. In some cases, defendants were offered deals to cooperate. If these offers were rejected, the cases moved toward execution. This issue has been raised in the case of Mohammadkarim Barkezaei Akson and others. Such a process calls into question the judicial nature of these cases.
Extensive use of security charges, lack of fair trials, and use of torture
Overall, examination of these cases shows that the execution of Baluch political prisoners follows a specific pattern. Extensive use of security charges, lack of fair trials, and the use of torture are key features of this pattern. Mass executions and violations of family rights have also been added to this process.
The execution of the sons of the Iranian people is not limited to Baluchestan, and the Iranian regime has launched a widespread wave of executing its opponents, which is expanding day by day. These executions are merely instrumental tools used to ensure the survival of the regime and to control society in order to prevent uprisings and rebellions by the Iranian people aimed at overthrowing the dictatorship.
